CWIHP Bulletin nr 12 13 part 6 Research notes and conference reports

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Links, 1995), p. 94.
21
22
23
Ibid.
Suckut,“Die Bedentung,” p. 204.
See “Das Pharaonengrab der Stasi”, Der Spiegel,18
January 1999. See also “Transatlantischer
Datenaustausch” Die tageszeitung, 24 March 1999.
24
25
26
Ibid.
Ostermann, “New Research,” p.34, 39.
Telephone interview with Karin Göpel, BStU, 14
April 1997.
27
28
Interview with Herr Wiedmann, BStU, 28 April 1997.
Approximately 3,000 applications for academic
research had been received by the BStU in its first five
years in operation. Telephone interview with Karin Göpel,
BstU, 14 April 1997.
29
See the list contained at the end of Henke,
Engelmann, Aktenlage.
30
Ibid.
1
Joachim Gauck, Die Stasi-Akten: Das unheimliche
Erbe der DDR (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt
Taschenbuch Verlag, 1991), p. 11.
2
Roger Engelmann, “Zum Quellenwert der Unterlagen
des Ministeriums für Staatssicherheit,” in Klaus-Dietmar
Henke, Roger Engelmann (eds.), Aktenlage: Die
Bedeutung der Unterlagen des Staatssicherheitsdienstes
für die Zeitgeschichtsforschung (Berlin: Ch. Links Verlag,
1995), p. 24.
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COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN, ISSUE 12/13
351
NEW RUSSIAN, CHINESE, KOREA
THE KOR
N AND EUROPEAN EVIDENCE ON
EAN WAR
21 June 2000
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Washing
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Breakfast and Registration
Opening and Welcome Remarks (Wa
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red by
tional History Project
ional Center for Scholars),
ety (New York),
the
rogram
ional Center for Scholars)
rren Cohen, Robert Hathaway)
o Zedong and the Korean War”
: “Moving Beyond Origins: Korean
Evidence from Russian and Chinese Archives”
): “A North Korean War Memoir”
versity, Seoul)
onal History Project
tional Center for Scholars
w Wilson Plaza
nia Avenue, NW
, DC 20523
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AR1@wwic.si.edu
Evidence on Stalin and the Korean War”
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ical Warfare: Reminiscences of a Hungarian Journalist”
the Korean War
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Tibor Meray (Paris/Budapest): “Biolog
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PRESENTATIONS:
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War Revisionism and the Ne
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352
COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN, ISSUE 12/13
Western Intelligence Gathering and
the Division of German Science
By Paul Maddrell
The three documents below1 shed light on two
neglected themes of Cold War history: first, how scientists
returning to the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in the
1950s were bribed and flattered to become members of its
privileged nomenklatura, and, second, which of the
scientists who refused these privileges and became
valuable to Western intelligence services, particularly
those of the United States and Britain. The reports depict
one aspect of the division of Germany in the 1950s: the
division of its scientific community, and its significant
consequences for intelligence-gathering in the two
Germanies. Scientists who returned to East Germany in the
years 1950-58 from compulsory work in the Soviet Union
promised to be of value to the GDR authorities for the
contribution they could make to its scientific progress;
they were of great interest to the intelligence services of
Britain and the United States because they could provide
much sought-after information on the military-industrial
complex of the USSR. Some fled to the West soon after
their return to East Germany, either by arrangement with a
Western intelligence service or on their own initiative;
some, for one reason or another, threw in their lot with the
Socialist Unity Party (SED) and some (generally the less
important scientists) were allowed to go West. Others, who
stayed in the GDR, may have been recruited by Western
intelligence services as “agents-in-place” in important
research institutes, factories and ministries. Their control-
lers were particularly interested in any connections
between these institutions and institutes, factories and
ministries in the USSR itself.
Loyalty and how to buy it is the dominant theme of the
first report.2 Dated 31 December 1954, the report was
written in anticipation of the return to East Germany in 1955
of the most important of the atomic scientists taken by
force to the Soviet Union in 1945. The SED was eager to
keep in the GDR those scientists, engineers and techni-
cians who had been employed on atomic tasks in the
Soviet Union. The well-informed Soviets (referred to in the
report with the characteristic SED term “die Freunde”—
“our Friends”) provided its officials with information on the
returning men and women. Both Soviet and East German
officials examined the returning scientists and their
background closely, looking for sympathy towards
Communism, affection for the Soviet Union, and a lack of
ties to the West, all of which would help to prevent them
from going West as soon as they found themselves on
German soil. Equally useful to the Party were flaws in the
character of each scientific worker. Financial greed and a
need for admiration from others (Geltungsbedürfnis) would
lay the target open to bribery and flattery, activites at
which the nomenklatura state excelled. Both failings were
rightly detected in abundance in Baron Manfred von
Ardenne, who is discussed in the first report below. The
SED’s officials saw it would be worthwhile to make a show
of admiration for von Ardenne, and Ulbricht made sure to
send a personal representative, Fritz Zeiler, to greet him
when he arrived in Frankfurt-an-der-Oder three months
later. Zeiler’s report to Ulbricht on the encounter is the [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]

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